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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

- J. BAIRD.

FEED WATER HEATER.

No. 456,713. Patented July 28, 1891.

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(No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 2..

J. BAIRD;

FEED WATER HEATER. v No. 456,713. Patented July 28, 1891.

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J. BAIRD.

, FEED WATER HEATER.

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JOHN .BAIRD, OF NEYV YORK, N. Y.

FEED-WATER HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 456,713, dated July 28,1891.

Application filed March 25, 1891. Serial No. 386,335. (No model.)

To ail whom it may conceive:

Be it known that I, JOHN BAIRD, mechanical engineer, a citizen of theUnited States, residing at No. 324.- Lexington avenue, inthe city,county, and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and usefulImprovements in Feedater IIeaters for Steam-Boilers, of which thefollowing is a specification.

\Iy invention more especially relates to marine and stationarysteam-boilers having both vertical and horizontal or slightly-inclinedtubes.

Its objects are to secure a compact and efficient boiler of highsteam-generating capac ity adapted for highly heating the feed-water andfor thoroughly drying and superheating the steam, which ends I attain bycertain novel organizations of instrumentalities hereinafter specified.

The accompanying drawings represent so much of my improved steam-boileras is necessary to illustrate the subject-matter herein claimed.

Figure 1 is a plan; Fig. 2, a front elevation with the outer casingremoved; Fig. 3, a rear elevation; Fig. 1, a vertical transverse sectionon the line 4. 4; Fig. 5, a vertical central lon gitudinal section onthe line 5 5; and Figs. 6, '7, and 8, details of the feed-water-heatingapparatus.

I term the fire-door end the front and the opposite the rear end. Shortunfeathered darts indicate the direction of view of the sections, solidfeathered arrows show the course of the hot gases, and dotted ones thewater circulation. Unless otherwise indicated, the parts are of usualconstruction.

Many details of construction herein shown are exemplified in UnitedStates Letters Patent granted to me as No. 411,882, October 1, 1889, andNo. 437,745, of October 7,1890.

The products of combustion pass from a fire-box A around and through thevarious water and fire tubes by way of the back connection A, front hoodor uptake A and SII10k6-SlZbCk A B represents the iuclosing brick-work;O, the front head; 0, fire-doors therein; D, the back head. E E Erespectively represent three series of water-tubes, arranged alongsidethe side walls of the furnace, under and alongside the central shell,and in the space between it and the side walls. They are respectivelyconnected with the fronthead and pass, water-tight, through sleeves inthe back head, being supplied with water therefrom by pipes e. A centralor lower shell F, resting on the front head, extends backward overthefire-box to the front end of the back connection, which lies between theshell and back head. The bottom of this shellis covered by fire-brick F,interposed between the shell and its surrounding water-tubes E. Theshell is filled with fire-tubes f and is provided with a hood Fextending over the back connection, resting upon the back head, andconnected therewith by a water-pipe (1. Side shells II II, of smallersize than the central one, are shown as arranged parallel with, onopposite sides thereof, and with their tops 7 about the same level andresting upon and connected with the back and front heads in a similarmanner to that above described, their back hoods H being connected withthe back head by pipes h. They are likewise filled with fire-tubes h.

' An upright shell G, arranged in the smokestack, is provided with largefines G G the central one G of which is made removable in well-knownways, the openings thus left serving the purposes of a man-hole. Theseflues, it will be observed, are so large as to constitute the chimney ofthe boiler. The waterspace of this vertical shell is connected with thelower shell by tubes g, while its steamspace is connected with the topof the side shells by pipes 71 which permit the steam to pass from thesmall shells to the vertical shell without interfering with thewater-circula tion. The normal waterdine of the boiler preferably standsat about one-fourth of the height of this vertical shell, the lower partof which thus forms a water-space, while the upper part constitutes asteam-space for drying and heating the steam, y ultimately passes offthrough a steam-pipe Most sea-going steamers nowadays are provided withapparatus for evaporating sea water, so as to keep the boilers suppliedwith fresh water; but the use of salt-water at times becomes obligatory.The deleterious effects of such water on boilers are well known. It islikewise well known that saltwater heated to about its boiling-pointwill deposit its calcareous or saline constituents and becomesufficiently pure for steam-generating purposes. \Vith this end in viewI have adopted the following organization:

Vertical water boxes or legs I I are arranged on each side of the boilerfront, preferably extending from the floor above the top of thehorizontal shells and close to the bottom of the vertical shell. Theseboxes are connected by water-tubes 1 arranged horizontally in the fronthood opposite and above the firetubes of the lower shells in such mannerthat the hot gases escaping therefrom may circulate freely around thetubes on the way to the fines of the vertical shell. These tubes,moreover, are so disposed in horizontal rows that the spaces betweenthem coincide with the longitudinal axes of the fines, so as tofacilitate the cleaning of the latter in well-known ways. Screw-plugs v1fit openings in the outer shell of the water-boxes 'in the longitudinalaxes of the water-tubes, so as to facilitate their insertion, removal,or cleansing. Where the boilers are arranged in batteries, or from anyother cause there is not sufficient room to remove the water-tubesendwise through the sides of the boxes, I construct these tubes in twosections 1; of different diameters, provide their contiguous ends withcorresponding male and female screws, and screw them together. The tubesare also made to screw into the inner walls of the water-boxes, theshort section being adapted to be screwed far enough therein to permitof the insertion of the longer section, the two then being screwedtogether. (See Fig. 8.) The water-boxes are provided with blow-offvalves J near their bottom. Separate inlet-valves K K are preferablyprovided for fresh and salt water, so that either or both may besupplied at pleasure. The feed-water is shown as entering the left-handbox I, whence it flows through the tubes t to the opposite box I, beinghighly heated in its passage, and consequently depositing itscalcareous, saline, or other sediment either in the pipes or boxes. Thewater then rises through the inlet-pipe L, which extends horizontallyacross the tops of the horizontal shells into the side shells. Thedead-water space in the bottom of the water boxes below the tubesfacilitates the deposit of sediment. The feed-water entering the upperfront portion of the side shells, as above mentioned, flows backwardthrough their hoods and connecting-pipes to the back head, and thencethrough the pipes e f to the tubes E E E and the front head 0 and thelower part of the shell Rand through the pipes g to the vertical shellG, thus securing an excellent circulation. A steam-pipe -M, providedwith a suitable stop-valve, con

nects the steam-space of the vertical shell with one of the water-legs,by which means steam may be blown into this shell to further heat thefeed-water and increase its circulation instead of being wasted in theair.

I claim as of my own invention 1. The combination, substantially ashereinbefore set forth, of a fire-box, a horizontal boiler-shell, itsfire-tubes, the back connection, a front hood, a smoke-stack, a verticalboiler-shell therein, its vertical fines constituting the uptake orsmoke-stack, and watercirculating pipes connecting the horizontal andvertical shells.

2. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore setforth, of afire-box, parallel horizontal shells thereover, their fire-tubes, theirback connection, their front hood, a vertical boilershell, fines thereinconstituting the uptake or smoke-stack, and steam and water pipesconnecting all the shells.

3. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of avertical-boilenshell and a series of vertical fines therein constitutingan uptake, one of said flues being detachably connected with the shell,so that when removed the opening left thereby may serve as a man-hole.

i. A feed-water-heating apparatus consisting, substantially ashereinbefore set forth, of vertical boxes or water-legs, horizontalWater-tubes connecting them above the lower portion of the water-legs,an inlet-pipe connected with one of the legs, an outlet-pipe connectedwith the other leg below the horizontal tubes, and blow-off valves nearthe bottom of each leg.

5. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of afire-box, a boiler-shell thcreover, its fire-tubes, a back connection, afront connection, feed-water boxes extending on each side from thebottom of the fire-box to a point above the top of the boiler, andwater-pipes connecting them and extending across the front connection orhood in front of the fire-tubes.

(S. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of ahorizontal boiler-shell, its fire-tubes, a vertical boiler-shellarranged thereover, its flues constituting an uptake or chimney, a fronthood connecting thefiretubes and flues, and feed-water heater-pipesinterposed between the two boilers.

7. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of parallelhorizontal boiler-shells, their fire-tubes, a fire-box, a backconnection, a front hood, a vertical boilershell over this hood, finestherein constituting an uptake or smoke-stack, and feed-waterheater-tubes interposed between the horizontal and vertical shells.

8. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of parallelhorizontal boiler-shells, their fire-tubes, their back connection, afront hood, a vertical boiler-shell thereover, flues thereinconstituting an uptake, vertical side boxes or water-legs on each sideof the front hood, and their connecting feedwater heater-pipes extendingacross the front hood.

9. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of ahorizontal boiler-shell its firetubes, a front connection, a verticalboiler-shell thereover, pipes connecting the boiler-shells, a feed-Waterheater interposed between the Vertical and horizontal shells, and a pipeconnecting the steam-space of the vertical shell with the feed-,Waterheater to blow the Waste-steam therethrough.

10. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of acentral horizontal boiler-shell, parallel shells on each side thereof, afire-box common to all the shells, their firetubes, their backconnection, their front hood, a vertical boiler-shell thereover, itsflues constituting the uptake, the vertical Water-boXes constituting thesides of the uptake, the feed -Water heater -tubes' connecting theseboxes, and the Water-circulating pipes con necting t-hefeed-Waterheaterand boiler-shells.

11. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of thevertical feed-water JOHN BAIRD.

Witnesses:

A. J. Bitten, ADDISON W. BAIRD.

